![]() energy access – bringing clean energy access to wider geographies through rail network projects.Rail is also being more frequently explored as a solution that can provide synergies across the transport and energy sectors, which can bring numerous benefits, especially in developing economies: Continuous progress on freight electrification sees this share dropping to around 55% by 2030 in the NZE Scenario. By 2030 in the NZE Scenario, electricity makes up 60% of total energy demand, with diesel still accounting for over a third, and biodiesel for most of the remaining share, with very minimal penetration of hydrogen.ĭiesel, in particular, plays a much more prominent role in freight rail, accounting for 75% of its total energy consumption worldwide in 2022. The overall final energy mix of rail is currently split between diesel and electricity, with diesel consumption being 53% of total final energy demand compared to 45% of electricity share in 2022 (and biodiesel accounting for the remaining 1%). European players are planning important investments in rail transport to make it more appealing to travellers, especially as an alternative to short-haul flights. In general, rail transports around 7% of global passenger-km and 6% of tonne-km but accounts for only around 1% of transport emissions.Įxpanding rail networks and their use will be important for achieving emission reductions to get on track with the NZE Scenario. ![]() Emissions from electrified passenger rail are even lower when powered by renewables or nuclear power. On a well-to-wheels basis, rail emissions per passenger kilometre average around one-fifth of those of air travel. ![]() Urban rail networks such as metro and light rail tend to have significantly lower emissions than other motorised urban transport modes, especially private cars, as they are powered by electricity, have lower friction losses, and exploit high occupancy rates. Ethiopia-Djibouti's 753 km rail line, powered by hydro-generated electricity, started operating in 2016 and is the first modern electrified railway in East Africa, bringing economic growth and taking tonne-kilometres off the road.ġ Considering high-speed train’s commercial speed of 200 km/h and above. For IEA modelling purposes, a high-speed train is considered to have a commercial speed of 250 km/h and above.Įlectric rail, which accounts for over 85% of passenger rail activity and 55% of freight movements, does not emit any direct CO 2 emissions.India is investing in road-to-rail shift and is rapidly moving towards its target of 100% rail track electrification by 2024, with the share of electrified track increasing from 45% in 2015 to 80% in 2022. ![]() In 2022 the partnership presented a new high-speed hybrid train that can switch between battery, electric or diesel and can function in both electrified and non-electrified lines, further modernising the European rolling stock. Japan's Hitachi and Italy's Trenitalia together introduced the FrecciaRossa 1000 high-speed train in Italy in 2015, and it is now also operating in France and Spain, expanding the European railway market and improving rail competitiveness.1 The largest high-speed rail system in the world has grown 100 times in the past 20 years and is expected to further expand to 50 000 km by 2025, improving access to mobility, enabling modal shift and reducing oil demand. China's railway network reached 155 000 km by the end of 2022, of which 42 000 km are high-speed railways.Countries and regions making notable progress in this sector include: ![]()
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